William Sachtleben, an American journalist who happened to be in Erzurum after the massacre there in 1895, recounted the grisly scene he came across in a lengthy letter to The Times: What I myself saw this Friday afternoon [November 1] is forever engraven on my mind as the most horrible sight a man can see. Thousands were killed at the hands of their Muslim neighbors and government soldiers, and many more died during the cold winter of 1895–96. [33] However, the period of massacres spread well into 1896. "[51] The Great Powers vowed to take action and enforce new reforms, although these never came to fruition due to conflicting political and economic interests.[52]. 1915-2015. One I saw whose whole chest had been skinned, his fore-arms were cut off, while the upper arm was skinned of flesh. Le génocide a eu lieu de janvier 1915 à avril 1915.Il a eu lieu dans l’empire ottoman. ". The Ottomans made no allowances for the victims' age or gender, and massacred all with brutal force. [43] The massacres were an important item on the agenda of the United States President Grover Cleveland, and in his presidential platform for 1896, Republican candidate William McKinley listed the saving of the Armenians as one of his top priorities in foreign policy. [47], At the height of the massacres, in 1896, Abdul Hamid tried to limit the flow of information coming out of Turkey (Harper's Weekly was banned by Ottoman censors for its extensive coverage of the massacres) and counteract the negative press by enlisting the help of sympathetic Western activists and journalists. Voir la version abrégée. The Armenians sent a delegation led by Mkrtich Khrimian to the 1878 Congress of Berlin to lobby the European powers to include proper safeguards for their kinsmen in the eventual peace agreement. Quoted in Astourian, "On the Genealogy of the Armenian-Turkish Conflict," p. 195. The first notable battle in the Armenian resistance took place in Sasun. Cette année de commémoration du centenaire de l’événement Akçam, 2008 = Taner Akçam, Un acte honteux, Le génocide arménien et la question de la responsabilité turque, traduit de l’anglais par Odile Demange, Paris, Denoël, 2008, 490 pages. The Ottoman government closed Armenian societies and restricted Armenian political movements. The massacres began tapering off in 1897, following international condemnation of Abdul Hamid. [50] Though their demands were rejected and new massacres broke out in Constantinople, the act was lauded by the European and American press, which vilified Hamid and painted him as the "great assassin" and "bloody Sultan. That it is a misrepresentation, so much so that it can fairly be called fabrication, becomes clear when you look at it a second time... and yet it is from an official document which the future historian will read when he wishes to compile the facts concerning those massacres.[54]. On January 2, 1881, collective notes sent by the European powers reminding the sultan of the promises of reform failed to prod him into action. À la fin du 19 e siècle, la Turquie fait encore partie de l’Empire ottoman, dirigé par le sultan Abdulhamid II qui règne avec despotisme et férocité.L’Empire compte une importante minorité d’Arméniens; ils sont environ 2 millions. "[10] Turkish historian and Abdul Hamid biographer Osman Nuri observed, "The mere mention of the word 'reform' irritated him [Abdul Hamid], inciting his criminal instincts. Le génocide arménien a été préparé, planifié, mis en œuvre par le gouvernement turc. [49], Despite the great public sympathy that was felt for the Armenians in Europe, none of the European powers took concrete action to alleviate their plight. Grosser, Paris, Stock,1996, 693 pages. « crimes contre l'humanité et la civilisation », Dernière modification le 22 novembre 2019, à 04:08, République socialiste soviétique d'Arménie, Der Zor, Eglise et Mausolée des martyrs arméniens, Mouvement de libération nationale arménien, Chronologie sur le site « Imprescriptible », Chronologie sommaire du génocide arménien, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chronologie_du_génocide_arménien&oldid=164736105, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Jusqu'en 1914 : Le Comité central du CUP prend toujours plus le contrôle du pouvoir. Le sujet du génocide arménien est compliqué, c'est pourquoi je vais le diviser en deux articles. Many Armenian revolutionaries had either been killed or escaped to Russia. (1), Archives and manuscripts (main catalog) Les massacres se déplacent vers Ras ul-Aïn, Formation du mouvement nationaliste turc de, Assassinats d'anciens ministres et membres de l'Ittihad demeurés impunis par la. (1), Notes manuscrites et dactylographiées pour une conférence sur l'Arménie (3 pièces), Books Adaptation française... par Mmes Maerky et Muller... Les massacres d'Arménie et le protectorat français en Orient, Les Réformes et la protection des chrétiens en Turquie, 1673-1904 : firmans, bérats, protocoles, traités, capitulations, conventions, arrangements, notes, circulaires, règlements, lois, mémorandums, etc., par A. Schopoff, Adresse du Bureau socialiste international [au sujet des massacres d'Arménie], L'assassinat du Père Salvatore par les soldats turcs, L'Arménie, son histoire, sa littérature, son rôle en Orient, La question d'Orient et la politique personnelle de M. Hanotaux.