In addition to commercial activities, it is home to the Allied Joint Force Command Naples, the NATO body that oversees North Africa, the Sahel and Middle East.[13]. [81], The San Gennaro dei Poveri is a Renaissance-era hospital for the poor, erected by the Spanish in 1667. [15] The best-known sports team in Naples is the Serie A club S.S.C. [87][88] The climate and fertility of the Gulf of Naples made the region famous during Roman times, when emperors such as Claudius and Tiberius holidayed near the city. [98], The city's population rose from 621,000 in 1901 to 1,226,000 in 1971, before declining to 957,811 in 2011 as city-dwellers moved to the suburbs. [43] In 1656, an outbreak of bubonic plague killed about half of Naples' 300,000 inhabitants. [127] Services are also available to destinations further afield, such as Sicily, Sardinia, Ponza and the Aeolian Islands. The last ruling duke of the duchy, Sergius VII, was forced to surrender to Roger II, who had proclaimed himself King of Sicily seven years earlier. During the Samnite Wars, the city, now a bustling centre of trade, was captured by the Samnites;[21] however, the Romans soon captured the city from them and made it a Roman colony. [35] Having a great interest in architecture, Charles I imported French architects and workmen and was personally involved in several building projects in the city. [78] It also houses many of the antiques unearthed at Pompeii and Herculaneum, as well as some artefacts from the Greek and Renaissance periods.[78]. 2), "Comune di Napoli – Festa di Piedigrotta", "Comune di Napoli – Maggio dei Monumenti 2016", "Comune di Napoli – Il ritorno della Festa di San Gennaro", "Tutela del dialetto, primo via libera al Ddl campano", "Cyclopaedia of Classical Guitar Composers", "IMDb: 10 good movies about Naples – a list by gadam", "Storia Del Club, by Pietro Gentile and Valerio Rossano", "Your Guide to Neapolitan Jacket Characteristics", "Abdullah Ocalan honorary citizen of Naples", "Sophia Loren becomes honorary citizen of Naples", "Maradona honorary Naples citizen July 5 (4) - English", "A tale of two cities: Will Kolkata learn from her sister? His works contain some words that are taken from Neapolitan instead of the corresponding Italian, e.g. The Vigliena Fort, which was built in 1702, was destroyed in 1799 during the royalist war against the Parthenopean Republic, and is now abandoned and in ruin. 5. [169][170][171], A list of some well-known films that take place (fully or partially) in Naples include:[172], Naples is home of one of the first Italian colour films, Toto in Color (1952), starring Totò (Antonio de Curtis), a famous comedic actor born in Naples.[173]. Les sanctuaires grecs de Paestum ; L’île jardin de Capri ; la côte amalfitaine ; Herculanum, etc, Parcourez Capri, ses sentiers et ses trésors, Herculanum, ensevelie par l’éruption du Vésuve en 79, Autres villages : Furore, Conca dei Marini, Italie du Sud : Campania & Puglia - StayFunny&Create. Vomero 29. San Carlo all'Arena, 21. [27] By the 11th century, Naples had begun to employ Norman mercenaries to battle their rivals; Duke Sergius IV hired Rainulf Drengot to wage war on Capua for him. [133], There are also four funiculars in the city (operated by ANM): Centrale, Chiaia, Montesanto and Mergellina. Piscinola-Marianella Naples thus joined the Kingdom of Sicily, with Palermo as the capital.[31]. In the first years of the 20th century, a local version of the Art Nouveau phenomenon, known as "Liberty Napoletano", developed in the city, creating many buildings which still stand today. [100] In addition, Naples is Italy's most densely populated major city, with approximately 8,182 people per square kilometre;[4] however, it has seen a notable decline in population density since 2003, when the figure was over 9,000 people per square kilometre. [86], 1. Though a notable landmark, it is no longer a functioning hospital.[82]. However, the disgruntled general populace chased him from the city, and instead elected Stephen III, a man who minted coins with his own initials, rather than those of the Byzantine Emperor. Neapolitan cuisine emerged as a distinct form in the 18th century. [40], Sicily and Naples were separated in 1458, but remained dependencies of Aragon under Ferdinand I. During the uprising of Masaniello in 1647, the Spanish took refuge in Sant'Elmo to escape the revolutionaries. Because of the significance of the city, many films and television shows are set (entirely or partially) in Naples. The song Santa Lucia played by Tom Cat in Cat and Dupli-cat traced origin from Naples. In Roman times the islet became part of Lucullus's villa and later it was the site to which the last western Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was exiled. S.Pietro a Patierno "testo" (neap. The Naples language, considered to be a distinct language and mainly spoken in the city, is also found in the region of Campania and has been diffused into other areas of Southern Italy by Neapolitan migrants, and in many different places in the world.