The Javanese Batik and Kebaya[288] are arguably Indonesia's most recognised national costume, though they have Sundanese and Balinese origins as well. Gambir Station, Jakarta, JakartaTransjakartaWendestelleStasiunKotaJakarta.jpg In 2014, the Constitutional Court ruled that, starting in 2019, legislative and presidential elections are to be held simultaneously. [108] A majority of Indonesia's population lives in low-lying coastal areas,[107] including the capital Jakarta, the fastest-sinking city in the world. In common with most of the Muslim world, Indonesia does not have diplomatic relations with Israel and has actively supported Palestine. [123] The second level is that of the regencies (kabupaten) and cities (kota), led by regents (bupati) and mayors (walikota) respectively and a legislature (DPRD Kabupaten/Kota). The country is a member of several multilateral organisations, including the United Nations, World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund, G20, and a founding member of Non-Aligned Movement, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, East Asia Summit, Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. For the most part, Islam overlaid and mixed with existing cultural and religious influences, which shaped the predominant form of Islam in Indonesia, particularly in Java. [67], In the post-Suharto era, democratic processes have been strengthened by enhancing regional autonomy and instituting the country's first direct presidential election in 2004. Indonesia's size, tropical climate, and archipelagic geography support one of the world's highest levels of biodiversity. [321] Some of the famous Indonesian boxers include Ellyas Pical, three times IBF Super flyweight champion; Nico Thomas, Muhammad Rachman, and Chris John. Recently, modern dances and urban teen dances have gained popularity due to the influence of Western culture, as well as those of Japan and South Korea to some extent. craving indonesia . The first film produced in the archipelago was Loetoeng Kasaroeng,[297] a silent film by Dutch director L. Heuveldorp. [168], Indonesia has abundant natural resources like oil and natural gas, coal, tin, copper, gold, and nickel, while agriculture produces rice, palm oil, tea, coffee, cacao, medicinal plants, spices, and rubber. It is divided into several community groups (rukun warga, RW), which are further divided into neighbourhood groups (rukun tetangga, RT). As an agriculture nation, Indonesia is also one of the biggest rice consumer in the world. Media freedom increased considerably after the fall of the New Order, during which the Ministry of Information monitored and controlled domestic media and restricted foreign media. [161] Reduction of trade barriers from the mid-1980s made the economy more globally integrated. Their painting tradition started as classical Kamasan or Wayang style visual narrative, derived from visual art discovered on candi bas reliefs in eastern Java. [52][53][54] Suharto capitalised on Sukarno's weakened position, and following a drawn-out power play with Sukarno, Suharto was appointed president in March 1968. Indonesian cuisine is one of the most diverse, vibrant, and colourful in the world, full of intense flavour. Section 3 Southeast Asia, Religions, "How religious commitment varies by country among people of all ages", "Awakening Indonesia's Golden Generation: Extending Compulsory Education from 9 to 12 Years", "Educative Tradition and Islamic Schools in Indonesia", "Is Indonesia Ready for International Branch Campuses? Il y a tant à voir ! Indonesia is second only to Australia in terms of total endemic species, with 36% of its 1,531 species of bird and 39% of its 515 species of mammal being endemic. Pour un week-end ou pour les vacances, notre service de location de voiture vous garantit les meilleurs tarifs partout dans le monde. [146] The military has possessed a strong political influence since its founding, which peaked during the New Order. In Southeast Asia, Indonesia is one of the top sports powerhouses by winning the Southeast Asian Games ten times since 1977,[324] most recently in 2011.[325]. Hindu influences reached the archipelago as early as the first century CE. These commodities make up a large portion of the country's exports, with palm oil and coal briquettes as the leading export commodities. [76] Indonesia has two seasons—a wet season and a dry season—with no extremes of summer or winter. [258], Government expenditure on healthcare is about 3.3% of GDP in 2016. In 2017, rendang was chosen as the "World's Most Delicious Food" by the CNN Travel reader's choice. [51] The PKI was blamed for the coup and effectively destroyed. [181] Indonesia has set out to achieve 23% use of renewable energy by 2025 and 31% by 2050. More cooling climate types do exist in mountainous regions that are 1,300 to 1,500 metres (4,300 to 4,900 feet) above sea level. [202] Java is the world's most populous island,[203] where 58% of the country's population lives. In addition to refined and crude petroleum as the main imports, telephones, vehicle parts and wheat cover the majority of additional imports. Bali est quant à elle un condensé magique de l’Indonésie. Indonesia achieved here independence at August 17th, 1945, soon after the end of WWII, from the Japan occupation force. As president, Sukarno moved Indonesia from democracy towards authoritarianism and maintained power by balancing the opposing forces of the military, political Islam, and the increasingly powerful Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI). Bis gleich! [217] As a result of centuries-long contact with other languages, it is rich in local and foreign influences, including from Javanese, Sundanese, Minangkabau, Hindi, Sanskrit, Chinese, Arabic, Dutch, Portuguese and English. [17][18] However, Dutch academics writing in East Indies publications were reluctant to use Indonesia; they preferred Malay Archipelago (Dutch: Maleische Archipel); the Netherlands East Indies (Nederlandsch Oost Indië), popularly Indië; the East (de Oost); and Insulinde.